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I’ve been wondering lately about Twitter.  I wonder when I send a tweet to my 800 followers, who is actually paying attention not only reading my tweet, but clicking on the link I provide.  In reality, it seems to me that we only have a small window of opportunity to be “noticed” or else the tweet just gets buried in the time line.

My guess was that any tweet has a “shelf life” of roughly 2 hours, and assuming about 5% of your followers are considered to be “active followers” (meaning they usually respond to things you post or at least consistently read them), I could expect about 20 click-throughs to the link I provided in my tweet.

The Test

I sent a post at 1:38p CST (right in the middle of the day, when hopefully most are actively using Twitter) entitled “Test: How I Evaluated the Effectiveness of Print Ads: http://bit.ly/19GkSz”; a blog I posted on this site on April 21st.  I used bit.ly to track the results, thanks to my friend @bolora.  I was using BudURL and was getting frustrated with it, so Bo said to try bit.ly and by inserting “/info” right after the .ly, I would get a full report on clicks, etc.

The Results

Right after the tweet posted, it was re-tweeted by friends @erikdarm (678 followers) at 1:53p, and then 2 of his followers re-tweeted the post; @blellowj (2,047 followers) at 1:54p and @stephenlynch (712 followers) at 1:57.  It is now 3:19p and there have been no further re-tweets, so the pass-along value may have reached its limit within the Twitter time line.

Total reach = 4,235 potential Tweeple to read and click on my tweet (my 798 followers, plus the followers of the re-tweets).

If you go to the bit.ly link, you will see a screen like the one below:

So the “Now” screen looks like this and refreshes every few seconds, so the time line keeps moving to the right.  (It would be cool if you could go back and see the clicks at the beginning – there was more activity around 2:00p with one time about 6 clicks came in simultaneously).

I think it’s safe to say the post has now exhausted it’s useful life, with the last click at 2:41p CST (it is now 3:29p and no click activity since then).

This shows the activity for the “full day”, with a total of 34 clicks at the 2:00p mark, and 15 at the 3:00p mark for a total of 49 clicks to the link in the tweet (i.e. 49 potential new visitors to our blog/website).

Conclusion

We would have to do several tests to prove this out, and I’m sure would vary if you were Robert Scoble or Guy Kawasaki, but in general (for the rest of us), from this small experiment we conclude that a “useful” tweet has the following characteristics:

-a shelf life of about 1 hr 15 min, and then it “dies”
-1 to 2% click-through rate on links

Which means that this is not a whole lot different than direct mail for example, without out the cost of course.  What do you think?  Is Twitter really a good way to communicate and share useful knowledge, or is it simply getting lost in the mix?

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We just concluded a huge Case Study on Twitter and Bit.ly titled "TWITTER: THE DARK SIDE Does Twitter’s Bit.ly Enable a Massive Click Fraud?", trying to determine the validity and value of links / clicks on Twitter and the findings are not good for Twitter & Bit.ly gang at all. Statistics Bit.ly provides is egregiously inaccurate at best and fraudulent at worst. Bit.ly counts cyberspace’s ghosts and drones, bots and crawlers, presenting them all as humans.

They do not discriminate between real and robotically generated automatic clicks with no actual human behind the click. We even discovered a MILLION CLICKS DELIVERED (in fact 1,677,769) on one single Bit.ly link! More about it here:
http://www.seo-artworks.com/Twitter/twitter-study-...

The bottom line; we believe the whole URL universe needs to be standardized in order to prevent both click fraud and numerous malicious activities that could be done using a short URL service like Bit.ly. I

You know I have been a Twitter analysis junkie. I use Hootsuite and get somewhat the same results. Amazing how important we think we really are. My favorite part of any analysis is to see if hey actually clicked and read your post or if they simply RT because they like the person who posted it. I guess the value of each post is not an easy thing to determine. Again thanks for keeping the conversation going and for taking the time to write this post with all your excellent research.

The images in this article are not able to be displayed :(

There is an excellent post about the power of retweets and a good visual here http://chefforfeng.wordpress.com/2009/07/21/twitte...

I think the point being that with twitter as opposed to direct mail, you have more of a chance of connecting with people outside of your sphere.

Quinn - Twitter has been a very useful tool in terms of information and sometimes news for me, but we walk a fine line when using it for marketing. For instance, "buy this" or "30% off now" tweets can cause immediate un-follows since they turn a lot of people off. But then there are companies like Whole Foods who uses Twitter extremely well.

How they equate their Twittering to sales at the register is going to be very difficult to measure, but perhaps they gained a few more loyal customers :)

I think these low click-through rates make sense. People don't want to read a novel; that's why they're using Twitter. If they wanted more detail, they'd follow your blog.

Marketers, moreover, are trying to make Twitter something it's not. I know they're determined to make a buck, but I don't think tweeting is going to do it for them. They're more likely to encounter annoyance and censure.

I'm willing to be proven wrong, so if you are measurably making money off of Twitter, please correct me. But my instinct is that Twitter will remain a tool for useful information and not-so-useful chatter, and not some kind of marketing powerhouse.

No. They're not. Its 99% noise. I am done with Twitter. I want my life back!

I just found a great post by Brian Solis on "Twitter: Acquisition vs. Retention" and how only 40% of new Twitter users stick with it, and the other 60% never come back.

Is it the lack of knowledge on how to effectively use this tool? I hear often how potential users "don't have time" or "not interested in knowing who's eating lunch now".

Are these misconceptions driving this poor retention rate?

You decide: http://www.briansolis.com/2009/04/twitter-acquisit...

Great discussion, folks! So we learned here that there is some intrinsic value in Twitter, and the pass-along value has a lot to do with the nature of the tweet.

Does anyone want to comment on how all of this "conversation" results in new business leads? How long does it take to cultivate a group of followers on Twitter to get some interest in doing business? Or are we all on Twitter to simply talk, or get news bites, or industry information?

Great analysis. I've been wondering about this as well and had only just started looking at it.

I think there is a lot of noise out there as people have hundreds or thousands of people they follow. If you only tweet a small number of times a day, it can get lost with others that use it as a stream of consciousness. Also, I follow about 60 people and maybe 10-15 of them actually share information or will converse.

TweetDeck is what I use to manage Twitter streams. Otherwise I don't think I could keep conversations and contribution straight.

One thing I'm looking at is the quality of followers. Are they people I would hold a conversation with? Are they following only to increase their following? Are they trying to sell me something? When I get a new follower I check them out. About 70% are worth following or it makes sense that they are following me. If you consider this as a quality database across all followers (maybe adjust down a bit for mega-Twitter zones), then your click through rate is better. Unfortunately, you can't cleanse and target your lists like you would email marketing.

Ryan,

I think you hit the nail on the head. Tweeting about Twitter, is going to be much more effective and interesting than Tweeting about some off-line medium.

I think the big misnomer with "followers" on Twitter is the "real number" defined as how many get scrolled over, and how many get re-tweeted, or show up in the favorite users (where you are in in my Tweetdeck).

The idea that if you have 10,000 followers means that you are highly influential can be true, but I'd rather have some good current clients, and some people that I'd like to do business with all in my followers list, and then use Twitter as I would any other media -- as a way to build real relationships with existing and new customers.

The shelf life for many of the people I follow only lasts about 12 hours, longer than that and I've missed the tweet, but I usually only re-tweet when I am on my laptop. I'm sure that as I follow more people, that that number will go down because there is no way to read everything. I think that is a problem that Tweetdeck can solve.

Twitter a great PR tool, but the true value to us as we've seen it, has been in building relationships that go offline - through an online method. Of course you can do that with valuable content of your own or, in many cases, filtering through hundreds of tweets and picking a few that are important to your customers.

Tom: The comments start up at the top of the article on the right... I was confused too.

P.S. These spam protection tools are much to complicated, with higher math questions. I had to get my grade schooler in here so I could post! ;)

Interesting test. Thanks for sharing the results. Bit.ly is a good tool for this.
If you are moderating comments, I don't think you've approved all of them. Your comment is responding to comments I can't see.

I think it all has to do with your followers followers... if they have many then they are more apt to miss your tweet... it will get lost in the mix of tweets others are pushing. If you have followers that have a relatively low follow rate (Meaning they follow few) then your link has a greater chance of being clicked... so best bet is to weed out those "Mass Followers" who seem to want to click on everyones name at once in hopes to get a greater following.

Wow! This was a successful test - in fact, it was more successful Tweet than the test itself. I guess that tells me that there are two control variables here that are hugely influential: the subject of the post (and how you write it) and how universally appealing it is.

Far more people were interested in "Test: Is Anyone on Twitter Paying Attention" than they were in "Test: How I Evaluated the Effectiveness of Print Ads" - not everyone has a print ad.

So to Colleen's (and Bo's) point, the more appealing and useful a post is (its re-tweetability), the longer the shelf life, and the more popular it will be.

Rob - Twitter definitely has value. I've had to learn how to control how I use it and when. For instance, I will search for conversations on topics I'm interested in and try to join them in the hopes that I get just one more "listener", as opposed to just another "follower" who is just looking to bump their numbers up with no real intention of listening to anything I have to say. If you do this just once per day, you will reap the rewards over time.

Erik and Kevin - thanks for your comments!

There are other things that factor into the click-through ratio.

- If the topic of your link is a trending topic it gets more clicks.

I average 30-40 clickthroughs per referring tweet. I sent out a tweet one time with U2 Bono and it generated over 600 clicks, about a 25% response.

Trending topics can sometimes net a 10-20% increase.

- The headline is very important and can determine the likelihood of the link being clicked.

I see some people just send out a link. That will get you NOTHING. Another useless sample is twam or twitter spam. There is debate as to whether there is such a thing as "twam" because all followers are opt-in (unless you follow @aplusk and you cant get rid of him!)

But common sense should drive anyone to refrain from SELLING to people because they can un-follow you just as easy as they followed you.

The best way to get click through results is to engage into meaningful conversations with people and let the conversations present an opportunity to provide a valuable link that is in context with the conversation. You will build a reputation for a reliable source of information and as long as you don't abuse your influence, your clickthroughs will grow.

Twitter is a great way to communicate and share useful knowledge (but you already know that!). It can definitely have a hit or miss quality depending on the factors you mentioned (particularly life of tweets and their re-tweetability). But I am having great success both personally and professionally using Twitter as a communication tool. I think many others are too. It's usefulness and the number of ways in which we use it to communicate will only increase as more and more people use it and try new strategies.

Ryan - Very interesting. I've been struggling with the value of Twitter. I'm following around 100 people and can't keep up with a fraction of the posts that come by.

I think this information is of high value! We have been practicing a re-tweet strategy that seems to work.

this was an excellent post!